Oliveira, F.A.; Andrade, L.N.; de Sousa, É.B.V.; de Sousa, D.P. Anti-Ulcer Activity of Essential Oil Constituents. Molecules 2014, 19, 5717-5747.
Abstract
Essential oils have attracted considerable worldwide attention over the last few decades. These natural products have wide-ranging pharmacological activities and biotechnological applications. Faced with the need to find new anti-ulcer agents and the great effort on the development of drugs for the treatment of ulcers, in this review, the anti-ulcer activities of 21 bioactive compounds found in essential oils are discussed.
Conclusions
The literature shows that there is limited clinical data available to support the use of herbs as gastroprotective/antiulcer agents and thus, the studies on efficacy and safety are limited. Despite this, there are several botanical products with potential therapeutic applications because of their high efficacy and low toxicity. This review shows that terpenes and phenylpropanoids present in many essential oils have potential for use in peptic ulcer disease. Among the bioactive constituents of essential oils, there are several chemical classes, such as alcohol, phenol, aldehyde, carboxylic acid, ether, quinone and bifunctional molecules. The different experimental conditions, doses, and animals used in testing, not possible to establish a structure-activity relationship in this review. However, the same feature of these molecules is that they are low molecular weight compounds. The anti-ulcer activity of these natural products can be attributed to several mechanisms, such as free-radical scavenging, inhibition of acid secretion, activity against H. pylori, and strengthening of the gastric mucosal barrier.
These findings reinforce the importance and usefulness of constituents of essential oils as promising agents in the management of gastric ulcers, a global disease in which there is high unmet needs related to current treatments in terms of efficacy, safety and low cost.
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